Octa Educates Traders on What They Must Know About CBDCs vs. Crypto in 2025

Over the past few years, more than 130 countries representing 98% of the world’s GDP have shown interest in Central Bank Digital Currencies (CBDCs). While most of these countries are in research or pilot stage, their increase in interest is a result of technology improvements and regulators being proactive again in ensuring that they control the environment for digital currency. This is particularly timely because the world has seen both private stablecoins and decentralized cryptocurrencies that have been volatile and unregulated.

CBDCs vs. Cryptocurrencies: Key Differences

Stability and Trust

Cryptocurrencies like Bitcoin and Ethereum operate in highly volatile environments, subjecting investors and traders to significant risks. In contrast, CBDCs are directly linked to fiat currencies and are issued by central banks, ensuring a higher level of value stability. The backing of these digital currencies by government institutions adds trust, reducing the speculative nature of private cryptocurrencies.

Design and Oversight

CBDCs differ from cryptocurrencies in their structure and oversight. While cryptocurrencies are decentralized, CBDCs are programmable but centrally managed, allowing governments to impose regulations and compliance measures. This offers a level of consumer protection that decentralized systems cannot provide. Additionally, CBDCs are not mined or privately issued, meaning central banks maintain control over their monetary supply and transaction oversight.

Kar Yong Ang, a financial market analyst at Octa, highlights that CBDCs create a new model of digital liquidity by combining state-backed legal tender with technological efficiency. This could pave the way for a more secure and transparent digital finance ecosystem.

The Global Race for CBDCs

Drivers Behind CBDC Development

Various factors are motivating central banks globally in the development of CBDCs. One of the leading considerations is the shift away from physical cash to digital payments, as seen in its prominence in Sweden for example, centrally banks are beginning to feel pressure to modernize their monetary systems. CBDCs in this context act as an alternative to private payment platforms, preserving government monetary sovereignty.

The second reason is the need to govern the risks of private stablecoins such as the USDT or USDC. Due to systemic risk and shadow banking concerns associated with these cryptocurrencies, CBDCs can act as a stable counterpart to these instruments concerning liquidity and legal clarity.

And finally, CBDC may provide a further benefit related to financial inclusion, enabling unbanked persons in developing countries access to digital wallets, and further transparency within financial systems to enhance tax collection.

Looking Ahead: The Path to CBDC Adoption

While CBDCs offer promising advantages in terms of efficiency and government control, they also present significant governance challenges. For CBDCs to be successful, governments must balance technological innovation with privacy concerns, infrastructure resilience, and global interoperability. As the digital currency landscape evolves, CBDCs will play a crucial role, and staying informed about these developments will give traders and investors a valuable edge in understanding the future of money.